Gangkou Village, Fengbin Township
花蓮縣豐濱鄉港口村社會—生態生產地景與海景（SEPLS，1682公頃）位於海岸山脈北段生態廊道上，面向太平洋，是典型的「森—川—里—海」串聯地景與海景。其核心區域為石梯港溪集水區，同時處於秀姑巒溪出海口，是該生態廊道東端重要的淡海生態連結節點。港口 SEPLS 為阿美族 Makotaay 部落的傳統領域，梯田稻作、家庭菜園、原生作物栽種、編織、漁撈、野菜採集與潮間帶海藻採集等在地生活方式，展現了族人與自然之間深厚而緊密的互動關係。
港口的社區保育脈絡可追溯至 2009–2010 年林業及自然保育署推動的梯田修復計畫與 2016 年生物多樣性調查。2018 年起，國土生態綠網空間規劃成為港口地景-海景復育與治理的重要策略，使其在淺山與濕地交界形成多樣性的熱點。2021 年，韌性評估工作坊（RAWs）首次導入港口，並在借鏡新社經驗後，完成在地化的 20 項韌性指標。RAWs 顯示地方最關注的議題包括：水路與灌溉渠道的連結、家戶用水水質水量、淡海物種減少（如毛蟹與硨磲貝）、防止偷採與建立社區自主管理機制、外來入侵種治理，以及與秀姑巒溪沿線 SEPLS（羅山、豐南、七美）的生態廊道串聯。
為回應這些需求，「港口林-川-里-海洋生態農漁業倡議」（港口倡議）於 2022 年成立，多方平台共同推動水源改善、海友善農法、濕地復育、生物多樣性監測、海岸巡守與防止非法捕撈等行動。自 2022 年起，港口 SEPLS與海洋保育署合作，進行硨磲貝棲地監測與復育，強化海岸守護與社區參與。
The Gangkou Socio-Ecological Production Landscape and Seascape (SEPLS, 1682 ha) is located along the northern section of Taiwan’s Coastal Mountain Range conservation corridor, facing the Pacific Ocean. Situated along the Shitigang Stream, Gangkou is home to the Indigenous Amis Makotaay Tribe, whose terraced paddies, gardens, weaving, fishing, and foraging traditions reflect a deep, enduring connection to the forest–river–village–ocean landscape. Its location at the Xiuguluan River estuary also makes Gangkou an essential freshwater–marine connectivity point at the eastern end of the corridor.
Community-based conservation in Gangkou has deep roots, dating back to Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency’s (FANCA’s) terraced paddy restoration project (2009–2010) and biodiversity surveys (2016). Since 2018, Taiwan Ecological Network (TEN) spatial planning efforts have guided the revitalisation of this landscape–seascape biodiversity hotspot. In 2021, resilience assessment workshops (RAWs) were introduced, and—building on the Xinshe SEPLS experience—the first Gangkou-localised set of 20 SEPLS indicators was developed. The workshops highlighted urgent priorities: improving connectivity between natural waterways and irrigation channels, securing household water quality, addressing declines in freshwater and marine species, strengthening community-based coastal and river protection, managing invasive alien species, and enhancing connectivity with neighbouring SEPLS along the Xiuguluan River.
In response, the Gangkou Forest–River–Village–Ocean Eco-Agriculture and Aquaculture Initiative (the Gangkou Initiative) was launched in 2022. Its multi-stakeholder platform now collaborates on freshwater restoration, eco-friendly farming, coastal wetland recovery, biodiversity monitoring, community patrols, and action against illegal fishing and marine litter. Since 2022, the community has partnered with the Ocean Conservation Administration to monitor and restore Giant Clam (Tridacninae) habitats and strengthen coastal stewardship.
國立東華大學永續發展中心里山里海辦公室 